[Albashi]Perchloric acid
[Molecular Formula]HClO4
[Dukiya]Oxyacid na chlorine, mara launi kuma bayyananne, ruwa mai tsafta sosai, kuma yana shan taba a cikin iska.Dangi mai yawa: 1.768 (22/4 ℃);wurin narkewa: - 112 ℃;tafasar batu: 16 ℃ (2400Pa).Acid mai karfi.Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa da barasa, kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali bayan ya narke cikin ruwa.Maganin ruwa mai ruwa yana da kyakkyawan aiki.Anhydrous perchloric acid ba shi da kwanciyar hankali sosai kuma ba za a iya shirya shi ƙarƙashin matsi na al'ada ba.Gabaɗaya, ana iya shirya hydrate kawai.Akwai nau'ikan hydrates guda shida.Acid da aka tattara kuma ba shi da kwanciyar hankali.Zai rube nan da nan bayan an sanya shi.Zai bazu zuwa chlorine dioxide, ruwa da oxygen lokacin da zafi da fashewa.Yana da tasirin iskar oxygen mai ƙarfi kuma yana iya haifar da fashewa yayin tuntuɓar kayan sake konewa kamar carbon, takarda da guntun itace.Dilute acid (kasa da 60%) yana da inganci, kuma ba shi da oxidation lokacin sanyi.Ana iya samar da cakuda mai tafasa mafi girma wanda ya ƙunshi 71.6% perchloric acid.Perchloric acid na iya mayar da martani da ƙarfi da baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, zinc, da sauransu don samar da oxides, amsa tare da P2O5 don samar da Cl2O5, kuma yana bazuwa da oxidize elemental phosphorus da sulfur cikin phosphoric acid da sulfuric acid.]
[Aikace-aikace]Ana amfani dashi a cikin samar da perchlorates, esters, wasan wuta, fashewar abubuwa, gunpowder, fim da kuma tsarkakewa na lu'u-lu'u na wucin gadi.Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman oxidant mai ƙarfi, mai haɓakawa, electrolyte baturi, wakili na jiyya na ƙarfe da sauran ƙarfi don acrylonitrile polymerization.Ana kuma amfani da ita a fannin magani, hakar ma'adinai da narkewa, gubar lantarki da sauran masana'antu.Perchloric acid da potassium ions suna haifar da dan kadan mai narkewa potassium perchlorate, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙayyade potassium.