Iimveliso
Perchloric acid - HClO4
Usebenzisa
I-Perchloric acid isetyenziswe njenge-oxidizer ekuhlukaneni kwe-sodium kunye ne-potassium.
Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqhushumbisi.
Isetyenziselwa ukucwenga kweentsimbi.
Isetyenziswe njenge-reagent ukumisela i-1H-Benzotriazole
Isetyenziswe njenge-catalyst.
Isetyenziswe kwi-rocket fuel.
Isetyenziselwa i-electropolishing okanye i-etching of molybdenum.
Ipropati yobugcisa
| SN | INTO |
| Ixabiso |
| 1 | Ubunyulu | % | 50-72 |
| 2 | Chroma, iiYunithi zeHazen | ≤ | 10 |
| 3 | Utywala obunganyibilikiyo | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 4 | Ukutshisa intsalela (njengesulphate) | ≤ | 0.003 |
| 5 | I-Chlorate (ClO3) | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 6 | Ikloridi (Cl) | ≤ | 0.0001 |
| 7 | Iklorine yasimahla (Cl) | ≤ | 0.0015 |
| 8 | Isulfate (SO4) | ≤ | 0.0005 |
| 9 | Iyonke initrogen (N) | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 10 | Iphosphate (PO4) | ≤ | 0.0002 |
| 11 | I-Silicate (SiO3) | ≤ | 0.005 |
| 12 | IManganese (Mn) | ≤ | 0.00005 |
| 13 | Intsimbi (Fe) | ≤ | 0.00005 |
| 14 | Ubhedu (Cu) | ≤ | 0.00001 |
| 15 | IArsenic (As) | ≤ | 0.000005 |
| 16 | Isilivere (Ag) | ≤ | 0.0005 |
| 17 | Khokela (Pb) | ≤ | 0.00001 |
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ziziphi izinto ezisetyenziselwa i-perchloric acid?
Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwe-perchloric acid kukusetyenziswa kwayo njenge-precursor ye-ammonium perchlorate, eyikhompawundi ye-inorganic eyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-rocket fuel.Ngoko ke, i-perchloric acid ithathwa njengeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwiikhemikhali kwishishini lendawo.Le khompawundi ikwasetyenziswa etching of liquid crystal display systems (ehlala ishunqulelwa kwi LCD).Ke ngoko, i-perchloric acid isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lombane.Le khompawundi ikwasetyenziswa kwikhemistri yohlalutyo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa.I-Perchloric acid nayo inezicelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekutsalweni kwezinto ezivela kwi-ores yazo.Ngaphaya koko, le khompawundi ikwasetyenziswa kwi-etching ye-chrome.Ekubeni isebenza njenge-asidi ephezulu, i-perchloric acid ithathwa njengenye ye-Bronsted-Lowry enamandla kakhulu.
Ilungiswa njani iasidi yeperchloric?
Ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-perchloric acid ngokuqhelekileyo kulandela enye yeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.Indlela yokuqala, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yindlela yemveli, yindlela yokulungisa iasidi ye-perchloric esebenzisa ukunyibilika okuphezulu kakhulu kwesodium perchlorate emanzini.I-solubility ye-sodium perchlorate emanzini ihambelana ne-2090 grams nganye ilitha kwiqondo lokushisa.Ukunyangwa kwesisombululo esinjalo se-sodium perchlorate emanzini kunye ne-hydrochloric acid kubangela ukubunjwa kwe-perchloric acid kunye ne-precipitate ye-sodium chloride.Le asidi igxunyekiweyo inakho, ngaphezu koko, ukucocwa ngenkqubo yokukhutshwa kwe-distillation.Indlela yesibini ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrodes apho i-anodic oxidation ye-chlorine echithwa emanzini iyenzeka kwi-electrode yeplatinum.Nangona kunjalo, enye indlela ithathwa njengebiza kakhulu.
Ngaba i-perchloric acid iyingozi?
I-Perchloric acid yi-oxidant enamandla kakhulu.Ngenxa yeepropathi zayo ezomeleleyo ze-oxidizing, le khompawundi ibonisa ukuphinda kusebenze okuphezulu kakhulu kuninzi lwesinyithi.Ngaphaya koko, le khompawundi iyasebenza kakhulu kwi-organic matter nayo.Le khompawundi inokonakalisa ulusu.Ngoko ke, amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko kufuneka athathwe ngexesha lokuphatha le khompawundi.
