Sawubona, inhloso imi kanje
Imboni ye-Filament
I-Tungsten yaqala ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza imicu ye-incandescent. I-Tungsten rhenium alloys ifundwe kabanzi. Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilika nokwenza i-tungsten buyafundwa. Ama-ingots e-Tungsten atholakala ngokuncibilika kwe-arc kanye ne-electron beam, futhi eminye imikhiqizo yenziwa nge-extrusion kanye nokucubungula kwepulasitiki; Kodwa-ke, i-ingot encibilikayo inezinhlamvu eziqinile, ipulasitiki empofu, ukucubungula okunzima kanye nesivuno esincane, ngakho-ke inqubo yokucubungula ipulasitiki encibilikayo ayizange ibe yindlela yokukhiqiza eyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwamakhemikhali e-vapor deposition (CVD) kanye nokufuthwa kwe-plasma, okungakhiqiza imikhiqizo embalwa kakhulu, i-powder metallurgy kuseyindlela eyinhloko yokwenza imikhiqizo ye-tungsten.
Imboni yeshidi eligoqayo
Ngawo-1960, kwenziwa ucwaningo ngokuncibilikisa i-tungsten, i-powder metallurgy kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula. Manje isingakwazi ukukhiqiza amapuleti, amashidi, ama-foil, imigoqo, amapayipi, izintambo nezinye izingxenye ezinephrofayili.
Izinto zokugoqa ezinezinga eliphezulu lokushisa
Izinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-tungsten liphezulu, futhi akusebenzi ukuthuthukisa amandla okushisa aphezulu e-tungsten ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuqinisa isixazululo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlakazeka (noma imvula) ukuqinisa ngesisekelo sokuqiniswa kwesisombululo esiqinile kungathuthukisa kakhulu amandla okushisa aphezulu, futhi umphumela wokuqinisa we-ThO2 kanye nezinhlayiya zokuhlakazeka kwe-HfC ezihamba phambili zingcono kakhulu. Ama-alloys e-W-Hf-C kanye ne-W-ThO2 anamandla okushisa aphezulu namandla okukhasa cishe ku-1900 ℃. Kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuqinisa ingxubevange ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-recrystallization ngokwamukela indlela yomsebenzi ofudumele wokuqina ukukhiqiza ukuqiniswa kobunzima. Uma intambo ye-tungsten ecolekile inamandla amakhulu okuqina, inani eliphelele lokuguqulwa kwesilinganiso sokuguquguquka
99.999% intambo ye-tungsten ecolekile enobubanzi obungu-0.015 mm, amandla aqinile angu-438 kgf/mm ekamelweni lokushisa
Phakathi kwezinsimbi eziphikisayo, ama-tungsten nama-tungsten alloys anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu le-plastic brittle transition. Izinga lokushisa le-plastic brittle transition lezinto ze-polycrystalline tungsten ezincibilikisiwe licishe libe ngu-150~450 ℃, okubangela ubunzima ekucubunguleni nasekusetshenzisweni, kuyilapho lelo le-crystal tungsten eyodwa lingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa legumbi. Ukungcola kwe-Interstitial, microstructures kanye nezakhi ze-alloying ezintweni ze-tungsten, kanye nokucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki nesimo esingaphezulu, kunethonya elikhulu ekushiseni kwe-plastic brittle transition yezinto ze-tungsten. Ngaphandle kokuthi i-rhenium inganciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa le-plastic brittle transition yezinto ze-tungsten, ezinye izakhi ze-alloy zinethonya elincane ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa le-plastic brittle transition (bheka ukuqinisa insimbi).
I-Tungsten inokumelana ne-oxidation okungekuhle. Izici zayo ze-oxidation ziyefana ne-molybdenum. I-Tungsten trioxide ishintshashintsha ngaphezu kwe-1000 ℃, okuholela ekufakweni kwe-oxidation "eyinhlekelele". Ngakho-ke, izinto ze-tungsten kufanele zivikelwe i-vacuum noma i-inert emoyeni lapho zisetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu. Uma zisetshenziswa esimweni se-oxidation ephezulu yokushisa, izimbotshana ezivikelayo kufanele zengezwe.
Ukusonga imboni yezikhali zempi
Ngokuthuthuka nenqubekelaphambili yesayensi, izinto ze-tungsten alloy seziphenduke izinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenza imikhiqizo yezempi namuhla, njengezinhlamvu, izikhali namagobolondo, amakhanda ezinhlamvu, amabhomu, izibhamu, amakhanda ezinhlamvu, izimoto ezingangenwa izinhlamvu, amathangi ahlomile, indiza yezempi, izingxenye zezikhali, izibhamu, njll. i-angle yokuthambekela, futhi iyisikhali esikhulu sokulwa nethangi.
Ama-alloys e-Tungsten angama-alloys asekelwe ku-tungsten futhi ahlanganiswe nezinye izakhi. Phakathi kwezinsimbi, i-tungsten inendawo ephakeme kakhulu yokuncibilika, amandla okushisa aphezulu, ukumelana nokukhasa, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal, ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kanye nokusebenza kwe-electron emission, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kwenani elikhulu lezicelo ekwenziweni kwama-carbides anosimende kanye nezithasiselo ze-alloy.
I-Tungsten nama-alloys ayo asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ze-elekthronikhi kanye nemithombo yokukhanya kagesi, kanye nasendaweni yezindiza, i-casting, izikhali kanye neminye imikhakha ukwenza imibhobho yamarokhethi, isikhunta esibulalayo, izibhamu zokubhoboza izikhali, othintana nabo, izakhi zokushisa nezihlangu zokushisa.